Obverse Design A ribbon with folds is shown. Three flat folds one above the other form rectangles for the legends. The other parts of the ribbon in between these rectangles have vertical lines close together. The top rectangle says "JUAN". The middle rectangle says "ARIAS". The bottom rectangle says "DAVID". The token has a dentured edge with an inside rim and a slightly raised outside rim.
Reverse Design The reverse has a large number "5" circled by 48 small dots. Legend curving along the top above the "5" says "VALE" which means "VALUE". Legend curving along the bottom below the "5" says "CENTAVOS" which means "CENTS". There is a small Maltese cross on the right and left sides of the circle, separating the upper and lower legends. There is counterstamp which looks like an F and T combined into one letter (like a T with an extra arm half way up on the right). The counterstamp is 10 mm high and 9 mm wide. The token has a dentured edge with an inside rim and a slightly raised outside rim.
Metal White metal; Rulau says copper-nickel; from examination I think it may be a silver alloy. Size and Shape Round, 24.5 mm in diameter; thin flan.
Dates Issued Unknown. Bill Randell has suggested a date of 1890. Juan Arias lived in or near David, Chiriqui from 1885 until his death in 1928. One report was that Juan Arias sold his plantation in the 1930's to Frank Tedman who counterstamped the tokens. The date may be off, or there may have been a different owner (perhaps one of Juan Arias's many sons) from 1928 until the 1930's.
Issurer Juan Arias, who owned a plantation named "La Indiada" near David, Chiriqui. He was listed as a "General Merchant" in the city of David in the Commercial Directory of the American Republics (1897-1898), so he may have owned a store as well. Many plantation owners in the Boquete region also ran general stores in David or Boquete. The "FT" counterstamp has been attributed to Frank Tedman who reported purchased the Arias plantation in the 1930's.
Mintage Unknown.
Rarity Very Rare. Manufacturer Unknown. Apparently the same manufacturer also made the Carlos Milligen tokens. Other Catalog Numbers Asociación Numismático's F-140 (photo of stars 37 dots reverse), and Rulau's Chq 24 (Neither of these catalogs distinguish between the two star varieties and the crosses varieties). Henao's HDA 188-1a (this variety).
Varieties Varieties of this token are many. I have found there to be three different reverse dies used. One variety (perhaps the first chronologically) has small Maltese crosses as the two dividers on the reverse. It has 48 small dots surrounding the "5". The other two die varieties have six-point stars as the dividers. One of the stars varieties has extra long denticles on the reverse, and 51 small dots surrounding the "5". The other has about equal denticles on the obverse and reverse, and 37 small dots surrounding the "5". All three die varieties are known with an "FT" counterstamp, and the star 51 dots variety is also known with a large center hole.
Variantes Existen dos variantes muy notorias del reverso de esta ficha. En una de ellas la leyenda está separada por cruces de Malta y en la otras se utilizan estrellas con este fin. La de las estrellas puede tener además 37 ó 51 puntos en el circulo que rodea el 5 central. Las gráfilas denteladas también varían en tamaño. Algunas de las fichas fueron reselladas hacia 1930 por Frank Tedman con FT en monograma.
Function Merchant token and/or plantation token.
Population Count One specimen of this variety in collector hands is known to me. No recent sales.
Notes

Juan Arias (whose full name was Juan de Dios Arias Avila) was born March 8, 1856 in Panama City, Panama. His parents were Juan Fco Arias Perez (May 24, 1823 to about 1900) and Manuela Maria Avila. His brother was Tomas Arias, one of the founding fathers of Panama.

In 1885, at around the age of 28, Juan Arias left Panama City and moved to the city of David in the province of Chiriqui. He became the owner of a very large property. This finca (plantation) was named "La Indiada". Juan Arias married Domitila Quintero Villareal (sister of General Manuel Quintero Villareal). She was born in Pese, province of Herrera on May 12, 1865 and died February 2, 1927 in David, Chiriqui. They had ten children.

Juan Arias passed away shortly after his wife on July 3, 1928 in David, Chiriqui. My informant, Jose Domingo Arias (a descendent of Juan Arias), was unable to tell me the purchaser of the finca, but speculated that it was probably broken up since it was so large.

Ignacio Henao researched these tokens and also contacted a descendent of Juan Arias. He was told that Carlos Millingen married a half-sister of Juan Arias, so the two of them were brothers-in-law.

Notes

Frank Tedman, Sr. came from Toronto, Canada and worked as a dredge captain for the French Canal Company during its digging of the Panama Canal. He settled in Boquete in 1895, and owned a coffee plantation. His son, Frank Tedman, Jr. married Cecilia MacIntyre (daughter of A.D. MacIntyre) in 1946. They had six children, including a son also named Frank Tedman.

Lacking further information, of the three Frank Tedmans it seems most likely that Frank Tedman, Sr. issued the counterstamps on these tokens.

Speculation

Some Carlos Millingen tokens had the crosses counterstamped with a fleur-di-li. I wonder if this was done during World War I since the crosses resembled the insignia used by the German armed forces. Similarly, I wonder if the crosses variety of the Juan Arias token were issued prior to World War I and the stars varieties were issued during and after World War I.

Notas Históricas

Juan de Dios Arias Ávila (1856-1928) vivió hasta 1885 en la ciudad de Panamá y a partir de entonces en David, en la costa Pacifica del entonces departamento de Panamá, cerca de la frontera con Costa Rica. Era propietario de una gran finca llamada La Indiada en el distrito de Boquete, al norte de David, hacia el centro del istmo. Su nombre aparece en la lista de comerciantes de David del Commercial Directory of the American Republics de 1897-1898.


Closeup of the FT Counterstamp
Closeup of the FT Counterstamp